nginx——错误及解决

**1. 403 Forbidden**

尝试配置静态服务器，结果一直显示 403 Forbidden

**首先要注意的是：一般不要把要访问的文件放在/root目录下，会有很多权限问题导致403错误**

下面是将文件放在了 /root/www/目录下，导致的权限问题解决办法！

配置文件如下：
```shell
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.erica.com;

location / {
            root   /root/www/files/;
            autoindex on;
            autoindex_format html;
            autoindex_exact_size off;
            autoindex_localtime on;
            charset utf-8,gbk;
        }

location /static/ {
            root  /root/www/;
            index  index.html;
        }
    }
```
访问 www.erica.com 显示 403 Forbidden，查阅资料后发现这是**nginx权限**的问题

**解决办法：**

修改配置文件nginx.conf, 将 **user nginx** 改为**user root**
重启nginx : `nginx -s reload`

![user_nginx.png](http://erica.kkwen.cn/usr/uploads/2019/01/2313452706.png)

![user_root.png](http://erica.kkwen.cn/usr/uploads/2019/01/534874149.png)

**2. 启动时报错**

使用sudo systemctl start nginx启动失败，查看日志 /var/log/nginx/error.log 发现如下错误
```bash
2019/04/25 00:39:13 [emerg] 40863#40863: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2019/04/25 00:39:13 [emerg] 40863#40863: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2019/04/25 00:39:13 [emerg] 40863#40863: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2019/04/25 00:39:13 [emerg] 40863#40863: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2019/04/25 00:39:13 [emerg] 40863#40863: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2019/04/25 00:39:13 [emerg] 40863#40863: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2019/04/25 00:39:13 [emerg] 40863#40863: still could not bind()
2019/04/25 00:53:31 [notice] 43072#43072: signal process started
2019/04/25 01:00:35 [emerg] 43751#43751: invalid number of arguments in "root" directive in /etc/nginx/conf.d/pdb.conf:9
2019/04/25 01:01:27 [emerg] 43881#43881: invalid number of arguments in "root" directive in /etc/nginx/conf.d/pdb.conf:9
```

看到日志薯片端口已经被占用，nginx默认启动80端口，使用 `sudo ss -tnlp`查看80端口被谁占用了

![端口占用.png](http://erica.kkwen.cn/usr/uploads/2019/04/3804304692.png)

如上图所示，发现80端口被APache2占用，我选择停止Apache2
```bash
sudo systemctl stop Apache2
```

然后再启动nginx，OK，万事大吉，虽然很简单，冷静分析才是王道啊~

nginx——错误及解决

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